Pink eye not always contagious, says Hong Kong ophthalmologist
Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is not always contagious. Dr Raymond Tang explains viral and bacterial types spread easily, while allergic and contact-lens-induced forms do not. Hygiene and prompt medical care are advised.
Contrary to popular belief, not all cases of pink eye, medically known as conjunctivitis, can spread from person to person, according to Dr Raymond Tang Kai-tat, a specialist in ophthalmology in Hong Kong.
Conjunctivitis occurs when the thin, transparent layer covering the white part of the eyeball and the inside of the eyelids becomes inflamed, giving the eye a red or pink appearance. Besides redness, patients may experience itching, a burning sensation, watery eyes or increased discharge.
Dr Tang explained that conjunctivitis generally falls into two categories: contagious and non-contagious. Contagious conjunctivitis is mainly caused by viruses or bacteria. Viral conjunctivitis often produces watery discharge, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection may appear beforehand. With appropriate treatment, most cases improve within one to two weeks. Bacterial conjunctivitis tends to produce thicker, white or yellow discharge. Although many cases are mild, some infections may require antibiotic or antiviral treatment.
Non-contagious conjunctivitis can be triggered by allergies to pollen, dust mites, pet dander or mold, particularly in people with allergic rhinitis or asthma. Improper use of contact lenses or long-term use of eye drops containing preservatives may also lead to pink eye.
For relief, artificial tears and cold compresses can help with mild discomfort. Doctors may prescribe treatments tailored to different causes, such as antibiotic eye drops for bacterial infections. Dr Tang stressed that patients should strictly follow the doctor's instructions and never share eye medications without professional advice.
For contagious conjunctivitis, good hygiene is particularly important because the infection can spread through contact with eye discharge, contaminated hands, towels, cosmetics or other household items. Patients should wash their hands regularly, avoid rubbing their eyes and refrain from sharing towels with others. Dr Tang noted that certain red-flag symptoms require prompt medical attention, including severe pain, sensitivity to light or blurred vision. Seeking medical advice when necessary and maintaining good hygiene can help protect eyesight and those around you.